Deadly passions in the life of Christians: A comparative study according to Isidore of Pelusium (c. 360-450) and Theodore Stoudites (759-826)
Eirini ARTEMI
Published in The World of Tradition
Keywords: Diseases, Isidore of Pelusium, Passions, Reconciliation, Salvation, Theodore Stoudite.
Adam and Eve served their passion of gastrimargy and their ambition to become gods without the grace of God. The result was their exile from Paradise and death. The incarnation of Logos, His crucifixion, His death on the cross and His resurrection gave a second chance of man’s salvation. Unfortunately, people do not put into practice this gift of their reconciliation to God. In this paper, we will compare the opinion of two important Church Fathers, Isidore of Pelusium and Theodore Stoudite. It is important to underline for what kind of passions these Church Fathers speak. Do they relate the passions only with monks or general with Christians? How can we get rid of a passion? Can their teaching be put into practice in nowadays? Which is the worst passion according to them? Are diseases and pandemic a punishment of God for our sins? Of course, we should explain that the passions in the life of a Christian can be proved deadly, but they have no connection with the view that diseases are punishments from God for our passions.
Vision of Tnugdal. Harmony, Paradise and Salvation in Medieval Beyond
Adriana ZIERER, Solange Pereira OLIVEIRA
Original title: A Visão de Túndalo. Harmonia, Paraíso e Salvação no Além Medieval
Published in Monastic and Scholastic Philosophy in the Middle Ages
Keywords: Christianism., Imaginary Journey, Paradise, Salvation, Vision of Tnugdal.
Medieval Church spread various narratives of imaginary journeys which describe the environment reserved to the elected souls in post-mortem in the space of Heaven. Vision of Tnugdal, example of those narratives, from anonymous authorship, produced in the 12 th century, was translated to Portuguese in the 15th century and give us the symbolic description of Heaven in Medieval Beyond. In this text, the knight Tnugdal, guided by an angel, runs through the various the paths of Celestial Kingdom, divided in the Walls of Silver, Gold and Precious Stones, where are placed the faire souls who possess Christian virtues. To earn and enjoy the things that those spaces offered, the Catholic Church spread ideal models of behavior, since its conception, for the faithful ones achieve eternal salvation in Celestial Paradise.