Saint Augustine: Faith, Hope and Charity
Emerson DETONI
Original title: Santo Agostinho: Fé, Esperança e Caridade
Published in The Time and the Eternity in the Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Faith, God, Saint Augustine, Virtue.
Before the God’s revelation, that proposes his salvation project, the human being is invited to answer through faith, hope and charity. Believing, waiting and loving the man place himself into the dynamic of the existence towards to God. More than a set of contents, it is a life path, a disposition, a capability and availability of complying every day “acts of faith”, to place oneself in the God’s Hands with full confidence, hoping from Him the fullness of property and the eternal life. Saint Augustine has deepened the interiority of the faith decision, his connection with the hope and the charity. Everything with a strong suffering towards Christ.
Sketch of a transcendental lulian's ethic
Ciléa Dourado
Original title: Esboço de uma ética universal luliana
Published in Mirabilia 1
Keywords: Be, Ethic, Ramon Llull, Trinity., Virtue.
For Lúlio man is the “ humanizing animal” (the one that humanize his context), the only one that while participating in the matter and form of the universe he builds himself. The psychic virtue that endows the rational soul of memory, understanding and will is the space where the conscience and the first cause of the human self-determination are forged. The basis of the Lullian universal and transcendental ethics is that all men of any race or belief possess the trinitary virtue which supports them on being, as well as all of them are able to think, to understand and to love. This doesn’t mean a rupture with the divine, because it is God who keeps each creature on being, consequently He is inner its actions. It means a new vision of God as the one that enables the human essence and contributes updating human perfection. Since I have the freedom to accomplish it that improves me on being, I can use this freedom in a wrong way and go against being. The bad use of freedom depreciates willing, that doesn’t follow understanding, allowong vice to fix. The vicious abominates his being and ignores he is in the Evil, because without the illumination of virtue, the memory doesn’t meditate, understanding doesn’t understand and willing.
The Aristotelian Ethics
Gustavo Ellwanger CALOVI1 and Gustavo Luis MARMENTINI
Original title: A Ética Aristotélica
Published in The Time and the Eternity in the Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Ethics, Happiness, Justice, Middle ground, Virtue.
The goal of this article is to demonstrate that the study of Aristotelian ethics is fundamental for the reflection of western ethics. The Aristotelian ethics is reasoned on judgment, founded on the moral judgments of good and virtuous man. In this sense his ethics is articulate from a central question: What is the supreme good of the man and, what’s the end’s direction of everything? With this, it becomes clean that the supreme good of the man is happiness, that every man should find it in all of his actions, being the happiness an activity of his soul like the reason and the virtue. To achieve the complete happiness inside the society, the justice between the individuals must be present. And so there will not be inequalities and the middle ground will be present between the parts, including what concerns the relationships.
The Love as the greatest virtue in the Sermons of Nicholas of Cusa
Maria Simone Marinho NOGUEIRA
Original title: O Amor como a maior das virtudes nos Sermões de Nicolau de Cusa
Published in Nicholas of Cusa in Dialogue
Keywords: Love, Nicholas of Cusa, Sermons, Virtue.
Nicholas of Cusa approached the theme of love throughout his philosophical-theological work. A part of this work, however, deserves our special attention when we analyze this theme. We refer to the Sermons: in various moments of his life the German Thinker has prepared and preached these writings. We propose, from them, a reflection on the love as the greatest of virtues.
