Considerations concerning the Aristotelian ethics into the Sophocle's tragedy: The case of King Oiedipus
Tito Barros Leal de Pontes Medeiros
Original title: Considerações acerca da ética aristotélicanas tragédias sofoclianas: o caso de Édipo Rei
Published in Mirabilia 4
Keywords: Aristotelian Ethics, History, King Oiedipus, Sophocles.
This article tries to understand the Sophocle's production questioning the traditional temporary demarcation of the Greek history in the Archaic Period (XII - VI B.C.) and in the Classic Period (V - IV B.C.), proposing the century V B.C. as transition among these periods. They are also analyzed some Aristotelian concepts that are supposed fundamental to understand the philosophical-educational dimension of the Sophocle's tragedy and, in this sense, to try to observe ethical elements in the actions of Oiedipus, starting from the tragedy King Oiedipus.
Death as a character in popular culture through History
Ramón MÉNDEZ GONZÁLEZ
Original title: La Muerte como personaje de la cultura popular a lo largo de la Historia
Published in The World of Tradition
Keywords: Art, Culture, Death, History, Literature, Tradition.
Aside from being part of the cycle of life, Death itself became a very important character in popular culture. Since its first appearance as a Horseman during the Apocalypse, and until nowadays, the character of Death has showed different shapes and has inspired a huge array of sculptors, painters, writers, people of letters, composers, movie makers, illustrators and even video game developers. In each different era of human history, the representation of Death evolved to adapt itself to different idiosyncrasies and ways of understanding the world in each society, as well as the possibilities that technologies offered to these creators of art. The main goal of this paper is to give a brief overview of how the character of Death evolved since its origins to nowadays, through the image of the Western Death that was influenced by the Christian rituals and that became the main anthropomorphism of natural Death.
Joachim of Fiore: Trinity, history and millenarianism
Cláudio REICHERT DO NASCIMENTO
Original title: Joaquim de Fiore: Trindade, história e milenarismo
Published in Mystic and Millenarianism in Middle Ages
Keywords: History, Joachim of Fiore, Millenarianism, Thomas Aquinas, Trinity.
The article shows the hermeneutic system developed by Joachim of Fiore to interpret the Scripture and History. The World's figure appears as a synthesis of this system and represents the general history (generalis historia), with regard to the Old and New Testaments, and the special histories (especiales historia). These histories have the relation between the biblical figures, present in both testaments, and the animals described in the prophet Ezekiel's vision. Finally, it makes reference to the criticism that Thomas Aquinas made to the doctrine of the abbot, since there would not be a new gospel that overlap with the new law in his opinion.
Literature and History in the Medieval Education
Ana Aparecida Arguelho de SOUZA
Original title: Literatura e História na Educação Medieval
Published in Relations between History and Literature in Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: History, Languages, Literature, Society, education.
The current article presents an analysis of medieval literature, as languages that express a period in the history and thus reveal real life and education in a society characterized by the Catholic church seal. Through all forms and modalities of language that we learnt the long development of humanity in the history construction and in this case, we will deal with texts of medieval literature from several extracts of feudal society as expressions of pedagogical possibilities of human development in such a society.
Living Will´s History: understanding the past and reflecting about the present
DADALTO, Luciana
Original title: História do Testamento Vital: entendendo o passado e refletindo sobre o presente
Published in
Keywords: History, Living Will, Patient autonomy.
This article aims to make a historic effort about the living will, analyzing the emergence and development in the United States and the reception of the institute in Europe and Latin America. It is expected, therefore, to present to the reader an overview of the subject and a critical view of the institute in order to question the implementation of living wills and other patient consent from instruments in Brazil.
Millenarianism in Joachim of Fiore and Antonio Vieira
Noeli Dutra ROSSATTO and Marcus DE MARTINI
Original title: Milenarismo em Joaquim de Fiore e Antônio Vieira
Published in Mystic and Millenarianism in Middle Ages
Keywords: Antonio Vieira, Eschatology, Hermeneutic, History, Joachim of Fiore.
This article aims at analyzing the presence of millenarianism in the works of Joachim of Fiore (c. 1132-1202) and Father Antonio Vieira (1608- 1697). First of all, one shows that there is not properly a millenarianism in Joachim’s works, and that the millenarianism attributed to him comes from the Spiritual Franciscans, the Jesuits and also from some apocryphal texts unduly attributed to him. Based on that, secondly, one points out just an indirect relation between Vieira and Joachim, since, besides the fact that the latter was not millenarian, the Portuguese Jesuit did not ground his prophetical ideas on the abbot’s authentic works. Hence Vieira’s millenarianism, very often related to the abbot’s thought by the critics, would be derived from Joachite circles and some pseudo-Joachite texts.
Narratives of time: Augustine and Joachim of Fiore
Noeli Dutra ROSSATO
Original title: Narrativas do tempo: Agostinho e Joaquim de Fiore
Published in The Time and the Eternity in the Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Augustine, History, Joachim of Fiore, Time, narrative.
The Book XI of Augustine's Confessions is analyzed based on the mutual implication between the themes of triplicate present and distention of the soul. The solution shown is that of the ontological paradox and to that of the measure of time being linked to both these themes, and that the notion of narrative presents itself as a possibility of resolution of the paradox between the time of the soul and the time of the world. Lastly the history theory of Augustine and Joachim of Fiore are analyzed from the narrative perspective.
The Art of Middle Ages as a Builder Visual Concept of Evil
Márcia Schmitt Veronezi CAPPELLARI
Original title: A Arte da Idade Média como construtora de um conceito visual de mal
Published in Paradise, Purgatory and Hell: the Religiosity in the Middle Ages
Keywords: Evil, History, Imaginary, Middle Ages, image.
The figure of the Devil had an important role during the Middle Ages served as the main reference for the publicity of the Catholic Church. The terrible torture of men would be subjected to hell and the delights of paradise populated speeches and led the imaginary of the period. The grotesque and nightmarish image was intended to scare people to obey the moral laws and to turn away from sin.
The Music. One of the keys to understanding Time
Ricardo da COSTA
Original title: A Música. Uma das chaves para a compreensão do Tempo
Published in Music in Antiquity, Middle Ages & Renaissance
Keywords: History, Liberal Arts, Methodology, Music.
The purpose is to present José Enrique Ruiz-Domènec’s (Spanish Historian 1948- ) methodology for the study of the Past: the appreciation of Music – traditionally one of the seven liberal arts – in historical studies as a key element for understanding the history of cultures in time. To do this, we will concentrate on four of his books: España, una nueva historia (2009), Personajes intempestivos de la Historia (2011), Europa. Las claves de su historia (2012), and Escuchar el pasado. Ocho siglos de música europea (2012). In them three characters are presented that symbolize the imperative need for Music studies to find the key to the Past: Pope Gregory, the Great (540-604) and the creation of the universe European sound with Gregorian chant, Mozart (1756-1791) and the rational sense of civilization of the Ancien Régime, and Joaquín Rodrigo (1901-1999) and the incurable nostalgia of Spanish in Aranjuez Concert (1939).
The end of time (or times) as end of the History. A discussion about the mutations of the conception and perception of the Time between the last old period and the coming of the Christianity
Ronaldo AMARAL
Original title: O fim do(s) tempo(s) como o fim da História. Uma discussão sobre as mutações da concepção e percepção do Tempo entre o último período antigo e o advento do Cristianismo
Published in The Time and the Eternity in the Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: History, Mutations, Perception, Time, Transition.
The mutations/continuities that marked the transition of the old thought for the Christian were multiple and deep, and so much in the ambit of the ideas as of the sensibilities. And here the time. Perhaps for this time conception and perception, resulted of that couple mutations/continuities, giving emphasis here verified them mutations, have been the most significant contribution for the constitution of a new worldview in the breast of the Christian society, since it would impose to the followers no less than the man's own place in the world and of the world in the man, and of both in the ambit of God.
